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Friday, March 6, 2009

The Pomegranate: An Overview

By Fred Timmons

The Pomegranate is a native fruit tree that grows in Iran all the way to the Himalayas. It only grows to be about five to eight meters high. It has been naturalized in the whole Mediterranean area. You can find it in Iraq, Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, India, Pakistan, Syria, Turkey, South East Asia, Peninsular Malaysia, the East Indies and Africa. You can also find it growing in parts of Arizona, Florida and California too.

This fruit bush grows best in subtropical climates with cool winters and hot summers. The Pomegranate that are grown in Florida seem to bear much tastier and colorful fruit if the winter has been a cold one for that area.

The leaves of the Pomegranate are a narrow, oblong shape, darker green and glossy looking. The flowers and the fruit are a bright red color. The fruit can grow anywhere from the size of a lemon to the size of a grapefruit and is hexagonal in shape. The seeds and pulp inside can range in colors of white, red and even purple.

You have to be careful that your pomegranate plants don't attract the pomegranate butterfly. This insect will lay its eggs on the flower buds, they will hatch and the caterpillars will enter the fruit and eat it from the inside. Whole crops have been lost to this pest. You will also want to watch for whitely, thrips, mealy bugs and scale insects. Termites can also infest the trunk. Putting plastic or paper bags over the fruit actually helps eliminate infestation of these insects. Always be sure to inspect the fruit for bruises, dents and tears as these can indicate a possible insect intruder.

The nutritional value of the Pomegranate is very high, including Thiamine, Riboflavin, Niacin, Pantothetic Acid, Vitamin B6, Foliate, Vitamin C, Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Potassium and zinc.

When you open a pomegranate, what you will see inside is a bunch of seeds covered with what looks like a dark red or purple membrane. This membrane is the fruit. You can eat the seeds, but it is the fruit around them that contains all the flavor. The seeds are also ground and used for spicing dishes in some countries. Some countries such as Iraq make soups containing the whole seed, fruit and juice of the Pomegranate.

Ever since farmers and cultivators found out about the pomegranate and how to grow it, just as with any other crop they have cross pollinated and cultivated it until there are several different varieties available. Green Globe, Wonderful, Home. Early Wonderful are just a few at the top of the list. - 17268

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